Hemoptysis Totally Explained

Everything about Haemoptysis totally explained

Hemoptysis or haemoptysis (see American and British spelling differences) is the expectoration (coughing up) of blood or of blood-stained sputum from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs (for example in tuberculosis or other respiratory infections).
It isn't the same as hematemesis, which refers to vomiting up blood.

Causes

This can be due to bronchitis or pneumonia most commonly, but also to lung neoplasm (in smokers, when hemoptysis is persistent), aspergilloma, tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, coccidioidomycosis, pulmonary embolism, or pneumonic plague.
   Rarer causes include hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome), or Goodpasture's syndrome and Wegener's granulomatosis.
   In children it's commonly due to a foreign body in the respiratory tract.
   It can result from over-anticoagulation from treatment by drugs such as warfarin.
   Cardiac causes like congestive heart failure and mitral stenosis should be ruled out.
   The origin of blood can be known by observing its color. Bright red, foamy blood comes from the respiratory tract while dark red, coffee-colored blood comes from the gastrointestinal tract.
   Extensive injury can cause one to cough up blood.

Diagnostic workup

Further Information

Get more info on 'Haemoptysis'.

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